Nazism Essays - Adolf Hitler, Nazi Germany, The Holocaust In Germany

Nazism The National Socialist German Workers' Party nearly kicked the bucket one morning in 1919. It numbered just a couple dozen murmurers' it had no association furthermore, no political thoughts. Yet, numerous among the white collar class appreciated the Nazis' strong resistance to the Social Democrats. Furthermore, the Nazis subjects of energy and militarism drew exceptionally passionate reactions from individuals who proved unable disregard Germany's prewar majestic greatness. In the national appointment of September 1930, the Nazis collected about 6.5 million votes and turned out to be second just to the Social Democrats as the most well known gathering in Germany. In Northeim, where in 1928 Nazi applicants had gotten 123 votes, they presently surveyed 1,742, a decent 28 percent of the aggregate. The across the nation achievement drew significantly quicker... in only three years, party enrollment would ascend from around 100,000 to very nearly a million, and the quantity of nearby offices would increment ten times. The new individuals included common laborers individuals, ranchers, and working class experts. They were both better taught and more youthful at that point the Old Fighters, who hosted been the foundation of the gathering during its first decade. The Nazis currently introduced themselves as the gathering of the youthful, the solid, and the unadulterated, contrary to a foundation populated by the old, the feeble, and the licentious. Hitler was conceived in an unassuming community in Austria in 1889. As a little fellow, he demonstrated little desire. In the wake of dropping out of secondary school, he moved to Vienna to contemplate workmanship, yet he was denied the opportunity to join Vienna institute of expressive arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmer's military as a Corporal. He was not an individual vital. He was an animal of a Germany made by WWI, and his conduct was formed by that war and its outcomes. He had risen up out of Austria with numerous biases, counting an incredible partiality against Jews. Once more, he was a result of his occasions... for some Austrians and Germans were preferential against the Jews. For Hitler's situation the bias had become deranged it was a prevailing power in his private and political characters. Hostile to Semitism was most certainly not an arrangement for Adolf Hitler- - it was religion. Furthermore, in the Germany of the 1920s, dazed by rout, and the desolates of the Versailles arrangement, it was not difficult for a pioneer to persuade millions that one component of the country's general public was liable for the vast majority of the wrongs piled upon it. The truth of the matter is that Hitler's enemy of Semitism was self-dispensed snag to his political achievement. The Jews, as different Germans, were stunned by the disclosure that the war had not been battled to a stop, as they were persuaded in November 1918, however that Germany had , truth be told, been crushed and was to be treated as a vanquished nation. Had Hitler not set out on his approach of disestablishing the Jews as Germans, and later of annihilating them in Europe, he could have depended on their steadfastness. There is no motivation to think whatever else. On the night of November 8, 1923, Wyuke Vavaruab State Cinnussuiber Gustav Rutter von Kahr was giving a political discourse in Munich's rambling B?rgerbr?ukeller, somewhere in the range of 600 Nazis and traditional supporters encircled the brew corridor. Hitler burst into the structure and jumped onto a table, wielding a pistol and discharging a shot into the roof. ?The National Revolution,? he cried, ?has started!? By then, educated that battling had broken out in another piece of the city, Hitler raced to that scene. His detainees were permitted to leave, and they discussed arranging barriers against the Nazi overthrow. Hitler was obviously incensed. What's more, he was a long way from wrapped up. At about 11 o'clock on the morning of November 9- - the commemoration of the establishing of the German Republic in 1919- - 3,000 Hitler partisans again assembled outside the B?rgerbr?ukeller. Right up 'til the present time, nobody realizes who discharged the principal shot. Yet, a shot rang out, and it was trailed by fusillades from the two sides. Hermann G?ring fell injured in the thigh and the two legs. Hitler straightened himself against the asphalt; he was safe. General Ludenorff proceeded to walk indifferently toward the police line, which separated to allow him to pass through (he was later captured, attempted and vindicated). Behind him, 16 Nazis

Segmentation and Targeting for DSO Segment

Question: Examine about the Segmentation and Targeting for DSO Segment. Answer: Presentation Showcasing of the items and administrations are the spirit of the economy in the general public. All the associations in this way play out its fundamental capacities to fulfill their essential partners, the buyers and the proprietors. The associations make utility when the information sources and the segments change into the completed items. Showcasing gives critical contributions to the predefined buyers inclinations, yet the creation has a definitive duty of making the utility in the market (Scott 2015). This report will focus to assess the advertising and division of The Darwin Symphony Orchestra (DSO) as the showcasing group assumes a noteworthy job in the yearly income age and is likewise liable for the advancement of occasions and the selling of tickets. Not just that, the advertising group is additionally answerable for the sponsorship age and raising support. Division and focusing on The DSO is one of the renowned ensemble in Australia established by Martin Jarvis. The point of the division and focusing of the market procedure is to build up the deals and showcasing in a progressively efficacious manner. Both of these should be possible with the improvement of a superior comprehension of the purchaser base and the potential possibilities, likewise speaking with the objective market with the correct message, at the perfect time (Goeldner 2016). These should be done in a financially savvy way. The division of the advertising is required to make various gatherings with a similar profile so that focusing on those could be simpler to speak with the picked one in future. This division for the most part continues as before whether a B2B or a B2C showcase is being worked. Anyway there are scarcely any basic factors that should be dealt with. The B2B business is the one that offers to different organizations and a B2C business sells legitimately to the customers. Be that as it may, both the organizations exist in the market and it is step by step being increasingly regular for the single organizations. Along these lines the DSO needs to separate its customer base into various fragments with the goal that they can isolate them for the B2b and B2C purposes. Section Evaluation The market division is fundamental for each business. It is a strategy that encourages the association to isolate the objective business advertise that is a blend the potential and existing buyers into fragments based on comparative attributes. While separating the objective market, the researchers attempt to discover normal characteristics, for example, regular premiums, needs, comparable ways of life or comparative segment needs. The essential point of market division is to perceive the high return areas which fundamentally are the fragments that will in general be the most beneficial one to can possibly create (Marshall 2014). There are various strategies to area the market. The business to business or the B2B providers may fragment it into assorted kinds of nations or organizations. Nonetheless, with regards to the Business to purchaser providers may partition the market into way of life portions, conduct sections, segment fragments and other critical sections. The market section s assume that unique market portions require disparate showcasing plans, for example, various costs, offers, dissemination and limited time techniques or other advertising factors. The division isn't just intended for the distinguishing proof of the valuable fragments yet additionally building up the key portions to comprehend the prerequisites of explicit sections and their inspirations to buy. The division assessment is essentially utilized for supporting the advancement of the market technique and the arranging. This examination is likewise observed as the STP approach which represents Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning for giving the system of the destinations of the market plan. In this manner, when a market is divided, the administrations and the items are put in a manner that adjusts with the predefined target advertise. There are a few strategies for sectioning the market; anyway the most significant one is the choice of the base. In this procedure the examiners discover the strategy that can lessens the contrasts between the individuals from an equivalent section and builds the distinction between various portions. The division base can be diverse, for example, segment, geographic, geo-segment, psychographics and social. The geographic division fragments the market as per the geographic standards; the segment relies upon the various factors, for example, financial status, age, family size and so on, the psychographic division is commonly estimated by various premiums, exercises and assessments of the customers, and conduct division partitions the purchasers based on their watched practices (James and Rose-Ackerman 2013). The Darwin Symphony Orchestra has arrived at the intended interest group all through each side of the nation. The association not just acts in its base region Darwin, it likewise a voyaging history and visited Alice Springs, the Devils Marbles and Simpsons Gap in Central Australia, Groote Eylandt in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Nhulunbuy on the Gove Peninsula, Pine Creek, Katherine, Yirrkala, Milingimbi and Maningrida, and Kununurra in Western Australia (Dso.org.au. 2017). The crowd of the association is for the most part the scholarly segment of the general public who has a significant taste of music. As the association acts in both the individual and corporate shows, they have various bundles that satisfy the prerequisites of the customers. Anyway the vast majority of the customers of the association are the B2C clients who book passes or shows legitimately for the symphony appears. Anyway the organization welcomes both the corporate and individual seat enrichment in their show. Hence the ensemble welcomes the backings who can invest a specific situation in their show for certain measure of cash as the sponsorship. Subsequently the ensemble will advance their business consistently or the measure of time the agreement has been finished. The organization distinctive such B2B buyers who have booked the individual seat blessing, 250 Club enrollment, the DSO inheritance and gifting openings, the finance commitments done by a few organizations, and other instrument supports. These collaborating openings are singular associations as well as has corporate organizations. In their corporate associations there are choices of getting the main player seat blessing that are credited to every one of their shows and their official site. There are such different projects like instructive program bolsters that can be intended for furnishing the understudies to connect with them with their preferred instruments, The DSO blessing Tix that makes the chances of association between the corporate organizations and the associations, different plans that improves the odds of corporate organization openings or the B2B clients of the non-benefit associations (Dso.org.au. 2017). The market division of The Darwin Symphony Orchestra can likewise be comprehended with a cautious examination of their large scale and smaller scale natural variables. From the accompanying PEST investigation the business condition of the association can be comprehended: The political factor consistently impacts any social creation. There are a few political variables that hugy affect the association and business the executives of the association while impacting the social, expressions and the innovative ventures (Trimarchi 2016). There are general social systems and techniques, for example, the work law, tax assessment strategy, and other political circumstance in Australia that should give the soundness factor to the business condition of the DSO. For this situation the world of politics is very steady; along these lines it doesn't have impact the business condition in a negative manner. The affordable factor is the most huge one to impact the social area. Australia is one of the biggest industrialist economies on the planet and it is likewise one of the critical nations with the social qualities. It has additionally been seen that the social turn of events and the advancement of the nation has been legitimately proportioned in the recorded improvement also. The socio social factor hugy affects the business condition of the DSO. The socio social condition of Australia is very liberal and it helps a great deal in the advancement of the association (Trimarchi 2016). The worth the craftsmanship and culture, thusly the DSO has performed practically everywhere throughout the nation. The mechanical progressions have upgraded the matter of The Darwin Symphony Orchestra as it has made their exhibition and organizations progressively fascinating. A symphony execution requires a ton of specialized types of gear for the sound and light courses of action on the stage, consequently the innovative headways have progressively positive effects on their presentation (Trimarchi 2016). Business to Consumer Target The symphony advertising has an alternate language of it out and out. For the business to purchaser advertise is the place the business legitimately makes exchange with the buyers. For the business to shopper focus on The Darwin Symphony Orchestra ought to coordinate the ensemble promoting with the purchaser showcasing in a brought together method of the market portions. This is the place the advertiser of the ensemble should choose the objective market sections and assign the assets to the promoting undertakings. The symphony has a few fragments of buyers, anyway the most significant ones are the first run through ticket purchasers who are about get the melodic encounters just because. Anyway there are a few different customers who have bought in to the association throughout the years; the buyers, who have bought tickets for scarcely any chose appears, the ones who have bought tickets for a solitary show (Atherton 2014). In this manner the marker of the business to buyer ought to h ave distinctive promoting plans

The James Bulger Case Criminology Essay

The James Bulger Case Criminology Essay The 1993 murder of James Burger who was two years old by two ten-year olds shocked the UK nation and affected the society’s perception of children and the entire juvenile justice system. Jon Venables and Robert Thomson found guilty in that horrifying crime were subject to imprisonment until reaching their adulthood. They became the youngest murders charged and convicted in the present-day English history, whose criminal motives have never been discovered and explained.[1] Moreover, the investigation and decision of the James Burger case forced interaction and coordination between the successive governments, the media and the public discussing issues of human rights and child’s rights. Before the 1980s, the UK juvenile justice system had not practiced the use of custodial measures towards young offenders much. The new law[2] emphasised rehabilitation of juvenile offenders and their successful re-integration in society. In this respect, the modified juvenile justice law enforced imprisonment of young offenders for re-educating them within the criminal justice system for the benefits of society and their personal interest. In line with that change, the boys suspected of abducting and murdering Jamie Burger were immediately arrested and charged. They reached the age of 11 years when they faced the trial in an adult court and were sentenced to the detainment. The trial judge recommended the eight-year term of their imprisonment, while the Lord Chief Justice suggested the minimum of ten years in custody. The final decision by the then Home Secretary ascribed the convicted boys to stay in custody until 15 years when they would become eligible for release.[3] A raised tar iff was later challenged and debated by the advocated of child’s rights, the House of Lords and the European Court of Human Rights. As a result, the convicted murders were restored in their initial eight-year term.[4] The case of James Bulger received an extensive coverage in the popular media, scholarship and the public on the international scale. As such, pre-trial media coverage was further criticised for making witnesses and the jury prejudiced, which undermined fairness of trial procedures. During the trial, the media plays a vital role in informing the public about evidence provided in the court as well as giving their analyses and evaluations of boys’ behaviour in the court and reactions to the heard evidence. Radio, television and newspapers contributed greatly to the post-conviction coverage of the James Bulger case as well. The conducted murder of the two-year-old boy and its perception by the UK juvenile justice system produced a significant impact on the public opinion about juvenile criminals and risks associated with young perpetrators of crime. Indeed, the case enforced a new understanding of the child’s nature and a transition from the traditional association of children with i nnocence to the perception of them being dangerous and violent.[5] The announced decision on the James Bulger murders did not reduce the scholarly and public interest in the case. Moreover, social outcomes and the detriment of child’s rights were primary concern in further discussions and investigations. Contrary to the pre-trial publications dwelling on the horrifying nature of the crime and young age of murders, post-trial coverage pondered in the details of the charged case. Thus, security-camera surveillance images that presented the key piece of evidence against Jon Venables and Robert Thompson in the court were doubted as their quality and the captured body shapes did not give an objective justification of the guilt of the convicted boys.[6] Another point of criticism concerning the quick conviction and imprisonment of James Bulger murders referred to the ignored responsibility of society for creating risk factors and facilitating child’s violence. Violence in childhood is not a reflection of individual’s personality trait, but an outcom e of unfriendly environments, low living conditions and poor functioning families experienced by children.[7] Therefore, the James Bulger case was not that clear; it identified weaknesses in the social policy of the UK nation. Bibliography Criminal Justice Act 1991 Franklin, Bob and Julian Petley, ‘Killing the Age of Innocence: Newspaper Reporting of the Death of James Burger’ in Jane Pilcher and Stephen Wong (eds), Thatcher’s Children?: Politics, Childhood and Society in the 1980s and 1990s (Routledge 2005) Howe, Brian and Katherine Covell, Children, Families and Violence: Challenges for Children’s Rights (Jessica Kingsley Publishers 2008) Jenks, Chris, Childhood: Critical Concepts in Sociology (Taylor Francis 2005) Kember, Sarah, Virtual Anxiety: Photography, New Technologies and Subjectivity (Manchester University Press 1998) Smith, David James, The Sleep of Reason: The James Burger Case (Faber and Faber Ltd 2011) Webley, Lise and Harriet Samuels, Complete Public Law: Text, Cases and Materials (Oxford University Press 2015) [1] David James Smith, The Sleep of Reason: The James Burger Case (Faber and Faber Ltd 2011) xi-xiii [2] Criminal Justice Act 1991 [3] Lise Webley and Harriet Samuels, Complete Public Law: Text, Cases and Materials (Oxford University Press 2015) 519 [4] Chris Jenks, Childhood: Critical Concepts in Sociology (Taylor Francis 2005) 165 [5] Bob Franklin and Julian Petley, ‘Killing the Age of Innocence: Newspaper Reporting of the Death of James Burger’ in Jane Pilcher and Stephen Wong (eds), Thatcher’s Children?: Politics, Childhood and Society in the 1980s and 1990s (Routledge 2005) 136 [6] Sarah Kember, Virtual Anxiety: Photography, New Technologies and Subjectivity (Manchester University Press 1998) 63 [7] Brian Howe and Katherine Covell, Children, Families and Violence: Challenges for Children’s Rights (Jessica Kingsley Publishers 2008) 10

Iliad And Odyssey Essay - 1796 Words

The views and beliefs of societies are often portrayed in the literature, art, and cinema of a certain era. The epic poems, The Iliad and Odyssey, give scholars and historians an idea how the Ancient Greek lived their everyday lives. By reading the two quot;novels,quot; the reader is able to experience the three thousand years old society of Homer. The various similarities between our society and the societies depicted in the Iliad and the Odyssey are surprising profuse. To name a few: the superfluous violence in Iliad and Odyssey, the characterization of Odysseus, the obscure use of narcotics, the similarities between Catholicism and certain stories of the Odyssey, and the role of pets and animals. Despite the numerous similarities,†¦show more content†¦181. Then the description of the blinded of Polyphemus: quot;and when that stake of olive-wood, though green, it was glowing†¦and then they clasped the pointed stake, and drove it into his eye, twirling the burning hot point deeper and deeper into the eye.quot; Pg. 181. I could not help it, but when Odysseus returned to Ithaca, it reminded me of a Jerry Springer episode. Near the end of book XVIII, Odysseus is engaged in a verbal argument with Eurymachus; during the argument Eurymachus actually throws a stool at Odysseus! A scene like that has never happened on American TV before. In book XXII, Odysseus kills at least nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;seven men. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the Odyssey, the main character, Odysseus seemed to be quot;un-touchable.quot; Odysseus survived the Trojan War, shipwrecks, the raid on the Cicones, The lotus eaters, and the Cyclops. Not to mention the encounter with Hades and the battle with the suitors. Like American quot;popquot; culture, the hero is rarely killed, but rather slightly injured. Rambo, James Bond, Matlock, Magnum P.I., and Odysseus all have the same characteristics: astute, subtlety, self discipline, strong, but not necessarily adheres to the heroic code of conduct. All of these characters adapt their behavior to the circumstances in which he finds himself, although always retaining a realistic conception of his self-interest and his ultimate goals.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; All five characters haveShow MoreRelatedThe Iliad And The Odyssey1060 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Hateful to me as the gates of Hades is that man who hides one thing in his heart and speaks another.† (The Ilia d pg.405) The quote is relevant to the stories Homer created during the period of the Trojan War. Homer orally performed two of his best works The Iliad and The Odyssey. Homer’s stories are old and probably translated differently than their original telling. Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey still show the basic human emotions and are an inspiration to other authors, poets, and oral presentersRead MoreThe Iliad and the Odyssey1510 Words   |  7 Pages The Iliad and the Odyssey are two classic stories told by Homer. Within these two stories the roles of the gods are very important to the story line and how they affect the characters throughout. In the Iliad, more gods are involved with the characters whereas in the Odyssey there are only two major gods that affect two major characters. The roles of the gods in the Iliad are through two different stances of immortal versus immortal and mortal versus immortal. The roles of the gods in the OdysseyRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1317 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout The Iliad and The Odyssey, both Achilles and Odysseus go through intense acts of heroism, internal and external hardships, and fluctuations in confidence. During the epic, The Odyssey, the main character, Odysseus, has to endure many hardships which show. He has to show tremendous amounts of heroism and confidence just to keep his crew and himself alive. He has to rival and face many gods that despise him along with many humans. This theme can also be reflected from Homer’s The Iliad, where theRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1297 Words   |  6 Pages2. The Iliad and the Odyssey were written by a poet or poets known as Homer. They were stories written about heroes in Mycenaeans times. Homer focused on one important event to base the stories after, the Trojan War. The story was about Paris Prince of Troy, taking Helen of Sparta from her husband. A war started to get Helen back to her husband because her husbands honor was hur t. The story told in the Odyssey is one of the king of Ithaca trying to return to his wife and son after being gone forRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey977 Words   |  4 Pagesplot or storyline, or the theme of the myth. Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey are two prime examples of this. Within both epics, the gods constantly intervene in the lives and situations of the characters, molding them to the desired outcome. Without the influence of the gods in either of the epics, however, the ending might have been very different. There was a great deal more divine intervention in The Iliad in comparison to The Odyssey, however, as there were more godly characters in that textRead MoreThe Odyssey And The Iliad1060 Words   |  5 PagesHomer was one of the first great authors in Western culture. He was known for creating the two Greek epics The Odyssey and The Iliad, which. The Odyssey tells of the ten-year journey by Odysseus to Ithica from Troy to be reunited with his beloved wife. The Odyssey was written in a with illustrative language. The Iliad was written in a. It depicted the end of the Trojan War and the siege of Troy. This event occurred centuries before Homer was assumed to have been born. Although both epics were writtenRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1599 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Iliad and The Odyssey, Homer has different portrayals of the roles that women play in each epic. These d ifferences are so striking that some readers have even argued that there is a possibility that a woman could have created The Odyssey, modeled after Homer’s Iliad. In The Iliad we see women represented as war prizes and slaves, vulnerabilities to men, and in positions of limited power. In The Odyssey however, we see women capturing men and keeping them as prizes, rising from a status ofRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1657 Words   |  7 Pagesduring the Greek Dark Ages was Homer, who I believe was the most influential writer of his time, and a writer who had truly made an impact on the evolution of Greek Culture following the Dark Ages. Two of Homer’s most famous poems were the Iliad and the Odyssey, which were Ancient Greek epic poems which covered a couple of weeks during the Trojan War. Although there were plenty of influential authors inspired by the Trojan war, Homer was by far the most influential; Nevertheless, This paper arguesRead MoreIliad and Odyssey1825 Words   |  8 Pagesand cinema of a certain era. The epic poems, The Iliad and Odyssey, give scholars and historians an idea how the Ancient Greek lived their everyday lives. By reading the two novels, the reader is able to experience the three thousand years old society of Homer. The various similarities between our society and the societies depicted in the Iliad and the Odyssey are surprising profuse. To name a few: the superfluous violence in Iliad and Odyssey, the characterization of Odysseus, the obscureRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey1730 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said â€Å"In youth and beauty, wisdom is but rare!† a very relatable quote to the story of the Iliad. But who exactly is Homer? For starters, Homer was a poet who lived from 800 B.C.E and died in 701 B.C.E. He was from Greece, and to be specific he had lived somewhere along the coast of Asia Minor according to biography.com. Also, he is most famous for his epic poems which were The Iliad and The Od yssey. Now as for whether he truly existed or not is still quite a mystery. Some scholars â€Å"believe him

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Should Higher Education Be Made Available to All Free Essays

Education is a channel to understand the real world better and whether this education should be provided to the students by the universities should be free or not, is one of the most debated topics over last many decades. In the today’s fast growing civilization this education has become everyone’s necessity to survive. Everyone understands the value of education in their lives; hence they compete hard to get the best of the education. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Higher Education Be Made Available to All or any similar topic only for you Order Now So to give this education free to some students would be an injustice on the part of the others. Therefore, from my perspective education should not be given by the universities free of cost. In my opinion, if the students will not pay for their education then who would pay for that, is a big question that requires an immediate solution. Thus it can create further confusions in the society. For example, if the government would pay for students’ education then they will extract the money from public only by increasing the taxes and this can further complicate the situation. Another reason is that to get education from good universities students usually take some kinds of loans, which I feel, make them more serious towards their studies and responsible so that they can clear the debts in future. Therefore, education received by giving money stands more value to them as they have sacrificed something to get that education. The third reason is that the money universities take from the students is used by the universities for the upliftment of the university’s standard only. The university utilize this money to pay the teachers, to introduce most recent advances in all the aspects of education like getting new equipments in laboratories, building new classes with more advanced technologies, new books for the libraries, new hostels etc. Nevertheless, the proc ess of financial support through Bank Loans, Philanthropic Trusts, Corporate Social Responsibility funds and a National kitty should be augmented and structured and worthy candidates screened well through a competency based selection process should be supported. Making higher education free for all will only dilute the standard of education. The impact of this on society at large is not difficult to visualize. We just need to think about Doctors, Engineers, Pilots, Architects and Pharmacists, to just name a few, who may come out from our colleges with free education, where they have not put anything on stake, participated wholly in all kinds of college level politics and hooliganism, and then sit down to treat serious patients or build bridges, buildings and industries, or fly an aircraft with hundreds of lives at stake or even make medicines with complex chemicals only to damage the lives of so many innocent citizens, who have trusted their University degrees. Therefore , in my opinion universities should not provide education for free because the amount they get from the students is used for the welfare of the students only because it has been seen before also that universities that provide education for free are lower in standards compared to universities taking an appropriate amount of money from the students. I believe, that there is no good thing that we can get for free in the world. How to cite Should Higher Education Be Made Available to All, Papers

Two Cheers for Materialism by James Twitchell Profiles in Splurging’ by Randall Patterson A combined overview Essay Example

Two Cheers for Materialism by James Twitchell Profiles in Splurging’ by Randall Patterson : A combined overview Essay In â€Å"Two Cheers for Materialism,† James Twitchell posits that â€Å"We live through things, we create ourselves through things and we change ourselves by changing our things.† When we look at this claim by the author, it sounds like a veiled criticism of a materialist culture. But through numerous apt examples and nuanced explanations, Twitchell comes around to acknowledge the power of consumerist impulses and seeks to explain what drives them. He also argues that capitalist consumerism is not something that is imposed on people as academic critics often claim. Instead, the continued thriving of consumerism is due to our own innate needs, desires and aspirations. The article by Randall Patterson titled ‘Profiles in Splurging’ complements Twitchell’s core thesis. This essay will qualify the aforementioned working thesis by considering all the facts and arguments presented in these two articles. To a great extent, the claim in the working thesis can be viewed as a logical one and there is evidence all around us that validates and supports it. The acquisition of property and goods is often used as a hallmark of success where the ones who have the â€Å"best†, â€Å"biggest† or â€Å"most† of something are considered most successful. To appreciate that, one only needs to observe the mass media, especially television, magazines as well as online polls. Every year Forbes comes out with a list of the richest in the world. There are surveys to show, for instance which footballer owns the biggest car and art enthusiasts and collectors often strive to have the most extensive collection of paintings, books and many other ostentatious goods. For example Bill Gates is ranked as the richest man in the world, this ranking being based on our perception of money as an indirect endorsement for the man as the most successful businessman alive. These measurements do no t take into account what he has achieved, how many people he has helped or even how happy he is. All that counts are the possessions he has accumulated. Thus the rest of America works tirelessly to acquire as much as they can and often forgetting to enjoy them since their primary goal is to be viewed as successful in their circles. The most direct route to that is to buy and flaunt. It is as if most Americans would pick money over happiness if they had a chance. We will write a custom essay sample on Two Cheers for Materialism by James Twitchell Profiles in Splurging’ by Randall Patterson : A combined overview specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Two Cheers for Materialism by James Twitchell Profiles in Splurging’ by Randall Patterson : A combined overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Two Cheers for Materialism by James Twitchell Profiles in Splurging’ by Randall Patterson : A combined overview specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Twitchell is not blind to the obvious flaws of consumerist culture. Going by the centrality that society offers material possessions it would then appear that the poor lack meaning and inevitably faces exclusion from society. A look at the social stratification will confirm that the more one owns the higher they are to climb the ladder of status and prestige. For instance, I imagine the guards in an exclusive hotel are more likely to open the gate for an expensive looking top of the range car than they are for a homeless man or generally disheveled individual. Likewise most Ivy League educational institutions are meant to groom the next generation of political and business leaders at the exclusion of the poor. This discrimination transpires into the workplace as well, where graduates from Ivy League institutions are hired into managerial positions while the economically disadvantaged compete for entry level positions. This is because the consumerist society in which we exist sustains itself by excluding anyone who does not conform to the culture of endless buying and since human beings are social creatures, most of us try to keep up with the consumerist trends (Twitchell). The ‘cool’ and successful individuals and groups at the top of the chain who are the subject of the collective admiration from the less successful are extremely dynamic. This must be so otherwise the materialist culture would come up even if they were to remain static for others to keep up with them. For instance when technology devices such as the new iPhone are unveiled, there are those who can afford to purchase them immediately notwithstanding the price. The rest will save until they can afford the device; however, some months down the line, when they are almost achieving this end, a new more expensive model is unveiled and quickly grabbed by the rich as the rest are left in second place as always. This cycle of changing trends and fashions is what ultimately drives consume rism and manipulates many Americans to keep buying items not for the items own sake but to enhance their identity. In other words, by flouting the possession of fashionable gadgets and accessories, consumers implicitly send out the message that they ‘belong’ or they are ‘successful’. But this identity is superficial and lacking in substance. It is based on an aspiration for vague attainments such as ‘status’. While conceding that materialism causes inequity and encourages superficiality, Twitchell shows how consumerism is part of human nature. Nevertheless, the issue of using material things to create an identity is a two sided coin and there are circumstances where this reasoning would not apply. In addition, to take his claim to be fully logical, one must assume that indeed all acquisitions of property are driven by the desire to create an identity; this assumption would however be quite fallacious. When one buys a car for instance, they may consider it ostentatious value but the main reason they buy it is for the functional vehicular role. This also applies to the purchase of big houses and extensive property. For some people, property and wealth are not by itself an end but a means. One could extend the same reason and claim that consumerism is not behind Bill Gates’ enormous wealth. According to popular opinion he is most notable because of being the richest in the world. H owever it is quite possible that he did not set out to make money but to create computer products such as Windows which came to be greatly demanded globally and as such, for him to meet the needs of billion users. He makes his billions too, but as a by-product and a necessary part of his business. In addition, wealth is used to make distinctions in achievements and it can be viewed as a scale through which human beings can distinguish achievements for effective competition. Thus the more successful one is, say in business, the more money they make and this increases their potential to spend on things that may seem to others as luxuries but with more money one’s definition of necessities changes. Support for Twitchell’s central thesis is found in the article by Randall Patterson for the New York Times. Titled ‘Profiles in Splurging’, the article is a composite sketch of four individuals whose stories serve as testimony to consumerism. Dispelling conventional wisdom that ‘money cannot buy happiness’ the author narrates stories of four Americans who found meaningful happiness through consumption. Whether it is buying a versatile lawn-mower or a Mercedes car or a grand picturesque house, these are profiles of individuals who achieved their American Dream through consumerism. Hence the claim made in the working thesis is not merely true but also leads to benign consequences. Ultimately the statement â€Å"We live through things, we create ourselves through things and we change ourselves by changing our things† in a sense is incomplete by itself since there can be two opposing sides depending on the context. It would be impossible to reconcile both sides of the argument considering that each side provides logical arguments. As such one can conclude that the extent to which materialism defines or does not define individuals or society is dependent on the circumstances under which one acquires or fails to acquire wealth. Evidently some pursue consumerism in pursuit of material objects so they may use them to give their lives meaning. On the other hand others require these things simply so their lives may progress smoothly or they just acquire them as a means to a greater none-material end. References: James Twitchell, ‘Two Cheers for Materialism‘ Adapted from Lead Us Into Temptation: The Triumph of American Materialism, 1999, retrieved from on 12th September 2013 Randall Patterson, Profiles in Splurging, The New York Times Magazine, October 2000, retrieved from on 12th September 2013